Resistance is one of the fundamental Quranic values in the cause of the development of the Islamic society AND the formation of the Islamic civilization, which means stANDing AND resisting against something has upset the balance in internal AND external dimensions. The formation of this value in the society as one of the methods of the conventional model of human life in the fields of human life; So that its manifestation can be observed in the totality of social behaviors, it is called the culture of resistance (Problem statement). The purpose of this article is the achievement of the engineering PROCESS of this value in a society based on the growth-oriented thought (ideological) system of the Holy Quran (Purpose). Now the question is what PROCESS does the Holy Quran propose in order to engineer the culture of resistance in the society? (Question). The necessity of examining this issue is clear considering the emphasis of religious teachings on this value AND the need for Islamic societies, especially considering the current conditions of Islam AND the need for convergence AND coordination between the resistance front (Necessity). The research method in stating the engineering PROCESS AND its components is qualitative content analysis with an analogy approach (Method). The findings of the research show that the engineering PROCESS of resistance culture is based on a self-awareness AND purposefulness, according to the idea of Quranic growth, in a three-stage PROCESS that leads to the happiness of man AND human society (Conclusion).

Scholars believe that man has two kinds of BIRTH: 1) formal AND 2) the second or spiritual BIRTH. The spiritual BIRTH, which is also called divine BIRTH AND wedding of eternity, is one of the foundations of mysticism of Mulānā Jalāl-al Din Rumī. Like the mystics who believe to expansion AND intoxication, he speaks about loving DEATH AND considers it as a state of human evolution, in which one moves from realm of multiplicity AND world of nature to realm of unity AND world of divine. According to Rumī, the spiritual BIRTH depends on faith, spiritual fatherhood AND love. On the basis of the anecdotes of Masnavi Manvi, the present article tries to explain different kinds of BIRTH, factors affecting volitional DEATH, state, features, ways AND benefits of this kind of DEATH.

Every single word AND sentence of eloquent words have been selected AND arranged in a purposeful AND logical way. The Quranic researchers have sought to discover the way of relation AND the philosophy of the arrangement (order AND formation) of the Qur'anic verses since the Quran is the most eloquent word. The PROCESS (semantic relations) is also defined in this way in order to provide a simple understANDing of how the verses of the Qur'anic chapters are related. The content of each sura is divided into several semantic domains AND the relationship between these relations is examined based on this new PROCESS. In this paper, the PROCESS (semantic relations) is adapted to the two suras (Arabic: سورة, chapters) of Ash-Shams (Arabic: الشمس) AND al-Layl (Arabic: اللیل) in a descriptive analytical method to find an answer to the question of how the application of the PROCESS of semantic relations leads to the discovery of the textual coherence of Suras Ash-Shams AND al-Layl. Finally, it is concluded that there is a central semantic relation in each of these two surahs that the rest of the relations are arranged in different methods of expressing in order to prove or believability AND better understANDing of that central meaning.

This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters of body weight traits in Markhoz goats, using B-spline rANDom regression models. The data used in this study included 19549 records collected during 29 years (1992-2021) in Markhoz goat Breeding Research Station, located in SanANDaj, Iran. The model used to analyze data included fixed effects (year of BIRTH, sex, type of BIRTH AND age of dam) AND rANDom effects including direct additive genetic, maternal additive genetic, permanent environmental AND maternal permanent environmental assuming homogeneous AND heterogeneous residual variance during the time. Akaike (BIC) AND Bayesian (BIC) information criteria were used to compare the models AND bspq.4.4.4.4 was selected as the best model. The direct heritability values for BIRTH, 3-month, 6-month, 9-month AND 12-month weights were estimated to be 0.14, 0.16, 0.08, 0.28 AND 0.26, respectively. Genetic correlation between body weights at BIRTH AND 3-month, BIRTH AND 6-month, BIRTH AND 9-month, BIRTH AND 12-month, 3-month AND 6-month, 3-month AND 9-month, 3-month AND 12-month, 6-months AND 9-month AND 9-month AND 12-month were 0.22, 0.38, 0.21, 0.56, -0.26, 0.30, 0.62, 0.86 AND 0.77, respectively. The highest phenotypic correlation was between the weight of 9-month AND 12-month (0.82) AND the lowest correlation was between BIRTH weight AND 3-month AND 6-month (0.12). The results showed that the 9-month weight is a good criterion for selection in Markhoz goats.

Friedrich Nietzsche, one of the most influential AND thoughtful philosopher in the 19th century, in an attempt to reassess values, finds himself in confrontation with accepted ideas of the modern world. Therefore, in his critical review, in order to reform AND revive the modern civilization AND culture, he writes his first book, i.e. The BIRTH of Tragedy. His various intentions in this book are as following: a) cultural concerns AND saving the culture of his age from nihilism AND the danger of falling apart, b) reassessing values, c) showing the opposition of Christianity AND conceptual philosophy of Socrates with the nature of life, Dionysus element as well as the desire to live, d) aesthetic interpretation of living AND being AND e) viewing life from the perspective of art. Nietzsche considers the last two cases as the special features of Greek' s tragic art AND praises Greek's tragic age for such perspective. He admires ancient Greeks as well as their culture AND thought because they are the creators of tragic art AND through such creation as well as by considering Dionysus element they accepted life with all of its good AND bad aspects.Nietzsche discusses two fundamental concepts of BIRTH AND DEATH of tragedy as well. However, he views the BIRTH AND DEATH of tragedy in two different ways; a) in a particular age, Greek tragedy emerged from Greek culture AND became an influential factor in the development of that nation’s culture but died later on, b) Nietzsche's hope in the re-emergence of Greek tragic art in the modern world lies in Wagner's music which died, too. In his view, the factors behind the DEATH of tragedy are as following: the Socrates' conceptual philosophy AND Euripides' plays, Christianity AND ethicality as well as modern dialectic AND Wagner himself. This article, first, tries to study Nietzsche’s important intentions in writing The BIRTH of Tragedy AND explain such BIRTH in the first sense emphasizing the interpretation of its origin AND constituents. In addition, this research attempts to indicate, from the viewpoint of Nietzsche, why AND how tragedy died.

How can we determine that DEATH has occurred? To answer this question, two points should be noted. First, in order to determine the incidence of DEATH, there should be a stANDard for determining the occurrence of DEATH; secondly, we need to determine certain clinical tests to determine whether the criterion has been met. In this article, we first introduce different criteria that are presented in different definitions of DEATH, AND then offered arguments against each of them. Cardiopulmonary AND brain criteria are also introduced AND criticized. The basic objection in these definitions is that they see DEATH as an event. At the end, it will be argued that biological DEATH, contrary to conventional wisdom, is a PROCESS, not an event. Based on this understANDing of DEATH, we provide a definition that addresses the problems of other criteria AND shed new light to some issues related to DEATH such as euthanasia AND brain DEATH.

Advances in treating infertile couples by assisted reproductive technologies (ART) over more than three decades have greatly improved the chances of better outcomes.While twinning AND higher order multiple BIRTH rates are still high in most countries, lower rates have sometimes been achieved by single-embryo transfer. Multiple pregnancy increases the risk of preterm BIRTH (less than 37 weeks’ gestation), low BIRTHweight, AND perinatal DEATHs. It also results in a higher risk of newborn complications AND cerebral palsy, AND longer hospitalisation. Preterm BIRTH is also more common in singleton pregnancies in which two or more gestational sacs are detected by ultrasound in early pregnancy.Compared to the perinatal DEATH rate (stillBIRTHs AND neonatal DEATHs) in singleton IVF BIRTHs, the risk is more than double in twins, five times higher in triplets, AND ten times higher in other multiple BIRTHs.Studies of BIRTH defects in ART pregnancies need to take account of the underlying causes of infertility AND changes in treatment regimes. Maternal factors such as age, obesity AND diabetes should also be considered. The overall occurrence of major BIRTH defects is slightly increased in ART pregnancies. However, some BIRTH defects such as neural tube defects, oesophageal atresia AND other gut malformations, urogenital malformations, AND some rare malformation syndromes are more common after ART. The causes of these BIRTH defects need further research.Reducing the risk of adverse outcomes in ART pregnancies is best achieved by transferring just one embryo in each treatment cycle AND freezing the other embryos. Counselling about the greater risks associated with multiple pregnancies should be available for all couples. Prenatal diagnosis should also be discussed AND offered when indicated for older women.Educational programs should encourage women AND their partners to plan their pregnancies at younger ages AND so avoid the necessity of ART in the later years of reproductive life. This will also assist couples to avoid the maternal AND newborn risks associated with advanced maternal age.